To reduce some of the workload of the U.S. District Courts, Congress established a Board of General Appraisers within the Treasury Department in 1890 to decide disputes involving imports, exports, and tariffs. In 1909, Congress created a Court of Customs Appeals to hear all challenges to the board’s decisions. By 1980, recognizing that the work has become more judicial than administrative, Congress reorganizes these bodies into the U.S. Court of International Trade.